As a high-performance communication medium designed for underground laying, direct-buried fiber optic cable is the cornerstone of a modern underground communication network due to its durability, stability and efficient transmission capability. This article will discuss its definition, structural characteristics, application advantages and future development trends.
Direct-buried fiber optic cable refers to an optical fiber communication cable that is directly buried underground without additional pipeline protection. This design aims to simplify the installation process and reduce costs, while ensuring long-term, stable provision of high-speed, large-capacity optical fiber communication services in various underground environments. With the in-depth coverage and upgrade of global communication networks, direct burial optical fiber cables have been widely used in broadband access, long-distance trunk lines, metropolitan area networks, industrial automation and other fields, and have become an important part of building a modern information society infrastructure.
The design and manufacture of direct buried optical fiber cables fully considers the particularity of the underground environment. Its main structure and characteristics include:
Optical fiber core: Use high-quality single-mode or multi-mode optical fiber to provide ultra-low attenuation, large-capacity, and long-distance optical signal transmission capabilities to meet high-speed data communication needs.
Reinforcements and fillers: High-strength steel wires or aramid fibers are set inside as reinforcements to enhance the overall tensile strength and lateral pressure resistance of the optical cable. Fillers (such as grease, water-blocking yarn) are used to protect optical fibers from stress and provide protection against moisture, mildew, and rat bites.
Outer sheath: Made of wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, UV-resistant high-performance polymer materials, such as low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), to provide long-term mechanical protection and Environmental isolation. Some directly buried optical cables also add special additives such as anti-rodent, anti-ant, and flame retardant to adapt to the underground environmental requirements of specific regions.
Waterproof performance: It usually adopts loose tube structure or tight tube structure, combined with advanced waterproofing technology (such as gel filling, water-blocking tape, etc.) to ensure that even in areas with high groundwater levels or rich soil moisture Under certain conditions, it can also effectively prevent moisture from entering and ensure stable fiber performance.
Direct buried fiber cables have demonstrated significant application value in many fields due to their unique structural characteristics and performance advantages:
Convenient construction and economical cost: There is no need to lay special pipelines, which simplifies the installation process, reduces the engineering volume and construction costs, and is especially suitable for communication network construction in newly built areas, rural areas, and remote areas.
Strong environmental adaptability: Wear resistance, corrosion resistance, UV resistance, moisture resistance, rodent and ant resistance and other characteristics enable direct buried cables to work stably for a long time in various complex underground environments, greatly reducing maintenance costs and failure rates.
High network stability: Buried directly underground, it is not affected by ground traffic, natural disasters, man-made sabotage and other factors, providing users with highly stable communication services, especially suitable for key businesses and public services that require extremely high network reliability.
Large capacity and long transmission distance: Optical fiber communication has the natural advantages of large capacity and long-distance transmission. As a backbone network or access network, direct buried optical cable can meet the bandwidth and requirements of emerging services such as big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things in the future. transmission distance requirements.
Facing future communication needs and technological changes, the development trend of directly buried optical fiber and cable will show the following characteristics:
Intelligent: Integrate fiber optic sensor technology to realize real-time monitoring of underground environmental parameters (such as temperature, humidity, stress, etc.), improving network operation and maintenance efficiency and security.
Greening: Using environmentally friendly materials and production processes to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution during the production process, in line with the requirements of sustainable development.
Multi-functional integration: Integrate with infrastructure such as power cables and water supply pipelines to achieve "multi-network integration", save underground space resources, and improve urban construction efficiency.
Adapt to new communication technologies: In response to the requirements of new communication technologies such as 5G, 6G, and quantum communications, the structure and performance of optical cables are optimized to provide transmission capabilities with higher bandwidth, lower latency, and greater number of connections.
In summary, direct-buried fiber optic cable, as the cornerstone of underground communication networks, with its superior performance, wide applicability and economy, not only promotes the construction and upgrading of current communication networks, but also provides opportunities for the construction and construction of future smart cities. The development of the information society has laid a solid physical foundation. As technology advances and market demands change, direct-buried fiber optical cables will continue to innovate to adapt to and lead the future development of the communications industry.
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